釀酒是一個復雜的過程,釀酒既是一種技能,也是一門藝術。
Wine-making is a complex process. Wine-making is not only a skill, but also an art.
1、發酵溫度液體發酵溫度控制在25-28℃較好(20-30℃即可),夏季溫度較高,在發酵過程中一定要時刻注意溫度的變化,并采取必要的冷卻措施。
1. Fermentation temperature liquid fermentation temperature is better controlled at 25-28 C (20-30 C) and higher in summer. In the process of fermentation, we must always pay attention to temperature changes and take necessary cooling measures.
2、食品粉做得太細。液體發酵除大米、糯米外,其他谷物都是要粉碎發酵的,有些葡萄酒認為粉末越細,酒曲與淀粉的接觸面積越大,這是錯誤的!顆粒粉太細,容易形成板狀,會導致顆粒在發酵過程中形成板狀,影響正常發酵過程。正確的方法是把谷物壓成芝麻大小的小顆粒。
2. Food powder is too fine. In liquid fermentation, except rice and glutinous rice, other grains are crushed and fermented. Some wines think that the finer the powder is, the larger the contact area between starch and koji is. This is wrong! Particle powder is too fine, and it is easy to form plate shape, which will lead to the formation of plate shape in the fermentation process and affect the normal fermentation process. The correct way is to press the grain into small sesame-sized particles.
3.混合的要求。要從底部混合,必須攪拌底部顆粒,以滿足發酵所需的氧氣供應。發酵過程中不完全混合可能導致發酵不完全或上部發酵良好,而底部發酵不良,嚴重影響葡萄酒的口感和產量。在釀酒實踐中,由于發酵不完全(白酒設備直接加熱),在蒸餾過程中經常會遇到糊鍋現象,必須加以避免。
3. Mixing requirements. To mix from the bottom, the bottom particles must be stirred to meet the oxygen supply required for fermentation. Incomplete mixing during fermentation may lead to incomplete fermentation or good upper fermentation, while poor bottom fermentation seriously affects the taste and yield of wine. In the practice of liquor-making, due to the incomplete fermentation (liquor equipment directly heated), the phenomenon of paste pot is often encountered in the distillation process, which must be avoided.
4. 發酵密封。酒曲細菌在大量的有氧條件下生長,將淀粉轉化為葡萄糖,同時在無氧條件下將二氧化碳、葡萄糖轉化為乙醇。因此,在液體發酵的前5天,發酵谷物每天半密封混合一次,以保證足夠的氧氣吸收和二氧化碳排放。發酵5天后,將谷物完全密封發酵,否則會使谷物呈酸性。
4. Fermentation sealing. Alcohol starter bacteria grow in a large number of aerobic conditions, converting starch into glucose, and converting carbon dioxide and glucose into ethanol under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, in the first five days of liquid fermentation, fermented grains are semi-sealed and mixed once a day to ensure adequate oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide emissions. After 5 days of fermentation, the grains will be completely sealed fermentation, otherwise the grains will be acidic.
5. 衛生條件。在釀造和發酵過程中,必須保證發酵車間、發酵儀器以及所有與發酵谷物接觸的儀器的清潔。
5. Sanitary conditions. In the process of brewing and fermentation, it is necessary to ensure the cleanliness of fermentation workshop, fermentation instruments and all instruments in contact with fermented grain.
6. 蒸酒。采用發酵制香,蒸餾提香,一套好的小型白酒釀造設備,對提高液體白酒的口感和風味非常有幫助。
6. Steaming wine. Fermentation, distillation, and a good set of small-scale liquor brewing equipment are very helpful to improve the taste and flavor of liquid liquor.
在收酒的過程中,一定要控制好火候,做好夾酒工作,看酒的質量,分段存放。
In the process of wine collection, we must control the temperature well, do a good job of wine clamping, see the quality of wine, storage in segments.
以上是
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